<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://beautifulspaces.omeka.fas.harvard.edu/items/browse?collection=4&amp;output=omeka-xml&amp;sort_field=added" accessDate="2026-05-07T00:43:20-04:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>1</pageNumber>
      <perPage>10</perPage>
      <totalResults>39</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="248" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="4">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="19">
                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="23">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1049">
                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1051">
                  <text>1804-1853</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Rank</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1402">
              <text>Cossack Captain (Esaul)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Year of Inscription</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1403">
              <text>1832</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Inscription Note</name>
          <description>Display Description</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1404">
              <text>Inscribed in part 2 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those whose noble status was defined by military service).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="31">
          <name>Birth Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1405">
              <text>1772</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Family &amp; Background</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1406">
              <text>Iag'ia was 56, married, with three sons, ranging in age from 24 to 16. The 24-year-old served as kantselar at the Feodosiia uezd court.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Service Record</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1407">
              <text>Iag'ia's father reached the rank of ensign (praporshchik), but Iag'ia himself exceeded that mark. He served from 1791 until 1797, and as esaul in the 4th Crimean Tatar regiment from 1807-1810.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Residence &amp; Property</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1408">
              <text>Agmetov owned orchards, houses, mills, and 30,000 desiatinas of land in Feodosiia uezd.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1400">
                <text>Iag'ia Seit Agmetov</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1401">
                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="15">
        <name>Feodosiia uezd</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13">
        <name>landowner</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>orchards</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="249" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="4">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="19">
                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="23">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1049">
                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1051">
                  <text>1804-1853</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Rank</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1411">
              <text>none given</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Year of Inscription</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1412">
              <text>1846</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Inscription Note</name>
          <description>Display Description</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1413">
              <text>Inscribed in part 2 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those whose noble status was defined by military service). Approved on the basis of father's service.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="31">
          <name>Birth Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1414">
              <text>1800</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Family &amp; Background</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1415">
              <text>46-year-old son of Captain Ali Aga Akhmetov, who came to Crimean in 1770 and later worked as a translator in Tavrida. </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Service Record</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1416">
              <text>[no notation]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Residence &amp; Property</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1417">
              <text>Ali Aga was granted 500 desiatinas in 1797.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1409">
                <text>Seliamet Aliev Akhmetov</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1410">
                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="13">
        <name>landowner</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="32">
        <name>translator</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="33">
        <name>vertical kinship</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="250" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="4">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="19">
                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="23">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1049">
                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1051">
                  <text>1804-1853</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Rank</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1420">
              <text>[Father held rank of Major.]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Year of Inscription</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1421">
              <text>1832</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Inscription Note</name>
          <description>Display Description</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1422">
              <text>Petitioned on the basis of his "ancient origins" but was inscribed in part 3 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those who attained civil rank of 8 or higher).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="31">
          <name>Birth Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1423">
              <text>1795</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Family &amp; Background</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1424">
              <text>Togay Murza (37) was widower with a two-year old son, Megmetcha. His father, Azamat Aga, had attained the rank of 2nd Major in 1786.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Service Record</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1425">
              <text>[no notation]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Residence &amp; Property</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1426">
              <text>Resided in Simferopol district, where he owned forest land amounting to 25,647 desiatinas along with his brothers.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1418">
                <text>Togay Mirza Argin</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1419">
                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="12">
        <name>elite clan</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="59">
        <name>forests</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13">
        <name>landowner</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14">
        <name>Simferopol uezd</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="33">
        <name>vertical kinship</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="34">
        <name>widower</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="251" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="4">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="19">
                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="23">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1049">
                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1051">
                  <text>1804-1853</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Rank</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1429">
              <text>Guards shtab-rotmistr</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Year of Inscription</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1430">
              <text>1832</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Inscription Note</name>
          <description>Display Description</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1431">
              <text>Inscribed in part 3 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those who attained civil rank of 8 or higher).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="31">
          <name>Birth Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1432">
              <text>1795</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Family &amp; Background</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1433">
              <text>Murat Mirza (37) was married and had 4 sons (Sefer Gazy 16, Megmet 12, Kardesha 9, Isliam 1). His father was Court Councillor Megmetsha Murza Argin.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Service Record</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1434">
              <text>Murat became a cornet in the Life-Guard Crimean Tatar Squadron in 1827, rising through the ranks to shtab-rotmistr in November 1830. This despite the fact that he never found himself on the field of battle.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Residence &amp; Property</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1435">
              <text>Argin owned 25,637 desiatinas in Simferopol uezd, including a great deal of forest.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1427">
                <text>Murat Mirza Argin</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1428">
                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="12">
        <name>elite clan</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="59">
        <name>forests</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13">
        <name>landowner</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14">
        <name>Simferopol uezd</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="33">
        <name>vertical kinship</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="252" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="4">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="19">
                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="23">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1049">
                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1051">
                  <text>1804-1853</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Rank</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1438">
              <text>[Father held rank of Lieutenant.]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Year of Inscription</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1439">
              <text>1833</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Inscription Note</name>
          <description>Display Description</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1440">
              <text>Inscribed in part 2 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those whose noble status was defined by military service).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="31">
          <name>Birth Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1441">
              <text>1807</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Family &amp; Background</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1442">
              <text>Bachelor sons of Titular Councillor Kasim Murza and members of one of the most powerful of all Crimean clans. Kasim served as adjutant to Field Marshal Potemkin himself (1787) and attained the rank of lieutenant in April 1788. By July he was commander (rotmistr) of one of the Tatar divisions. Batyr was 26 and Kadyr 17 at the time of inscription.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Service Record</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1443">
              <text>[no notation]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Residence &amp; Property</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1444">
              <text>Batyr Mirza and his brothers owned 25,637 desiatinas in Simferopol district.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1436">
                <text>Batyr Mirza Kasim-oglu and his brother, Kadyr Murza Argin</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1437">
                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="12">
        <name>elite clan</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="35">
        <name>Grigorii Potemkin</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13">
        <name>landowner</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="36">
        <name>lateral kinship</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14">
        <name>Simferopol uezd</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="33">
        <name>vertical kinship</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="253" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="4">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="19">
                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="23">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1049">
                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1051">
                  <text>1804-1853</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Rank</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1447">
              <text>Prince / Captain and Collegiate Assessor</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Year of Inscription</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1448">
              <text>1815</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Inscription Note</name>
          <description>Display Description</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1449">
              <text>Inscribed in part 3 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those who attained civil rank of 8 or higher).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="31">
          <name>Birth Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1450">
              <text>1766</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Family &amp; Background</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1451">
              <text>Smail Bey descended from a Cherkess princely clan.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Service Record</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1452">
              <text>Volunteer in the Black Sea fleet; attained rank of captain in 1790. Served as land captain of Simferopol uezd in 1799 and earned rank of collegiate assessor by 1802 and served continually in office between 1810 and 1820, for most of that time as marshal of the Simferopol nobility.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Residence &amp; Property</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1453">
              <text>[no notation]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1445">
                <text>Smail (Ismail) Bey Balatukov</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1446">
                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="12">
        <name>elite clan</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="254" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="4">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="19">
                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="23">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1049">
                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1051">
                  <text>1804-1853</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Rank</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1456">
              <text>Prince / Lieutenant</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Year of Inscription</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1457">
              <text>1833</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Inscription Note</name>
          <description>Display Description</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1458">
              <text>Inscribed in part 3 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those who attained civil rank of 8 or higher). The brothers were included in the noble register along with their father, Smail Bey Balatukov, in 1815. In 1820, the Commission on Muslim and Greek Clans confirmed that the Balatukovs descended from Cherkess princes and should therefore be inscribed in the 4th part of the noble register. This decision was revisited in the 1840s.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="31">
          <name>Birth Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1459">
              <text>1790</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Family &amp; Background</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1460">
              <text>Batyr (43) was married but had no sons. He was himself the son of Smail Bey Balatukov.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Service Record</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1461">
              <text>Batyr joined the 4th Black Sea naval regiment as an under-officer in 1803. He rose to lieutenant by 1813. He performed elected service on the Evpatoriia lower land court, as land captain and marshal of the nobility (1825-1827).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Residence &amp; Property</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1462">
              <text>Kazi Bey owned a house and vineyard with 25,000 vines, 300 desiatinas of ancient forest, an orchard and land to 2,500 desiatinas. Near Iukary Kisek he owned 3 orchards with 650 trees spread over 2,000 desiatinas all in Evpatoriia uezd near Najman. Batyr also owned property near Iukary Kara.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1454">
                <text>Batyr Bey and Kazi Bey Balatukov</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1455">
                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="12">
        <name>elite clan</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="19">
        <name>Evpatoriia uezd</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="59">
        <name>forests</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13">
        <name>landowner</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="36">
        <name>lateral kinship</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>orchards</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="33">
        <name>vertical kinship</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>vineyards</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="255" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="4">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="19">
                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="23">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1049">
                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1051">
                  <text>1804-1853</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Rank</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1465">
              <text>Lieutenant Colonel and Cavalier</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Year of Inscription</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1466">
              <text>1835</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Inscription Note</name>
          <description>Display Description</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1467">
              <text>Despite providing evidence of descent from a princely clan, Balatukov was inscribed in part 3 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those who attained civil rank of 8 or higher).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="31">
          <name>Birth Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1468">
              <text>1780</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Family &amp; Background</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1469">
              <text>Adyl Bey (55) was married with no (male) children and member of a princely clan.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Service Record</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1470">
              <text>Adyl joined a Belev regiment as an under-officer in 1804 and rose through the ranks. In 1810 he joined the Simferopol Tatar Horse Regiment and for his bravery was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in 1813.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Residence &amp; Property</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1471">
              <text>Resided in Simferopol uezd. Owned no peasants but had farmland, forest, orchards, and vineyards.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1463">
                <text>Adyl Bey Balatukov</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1464">
                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="12">
        <name>elite clan</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="13">
        <name>landowner</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="31">
        <name>orchards</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="14">
        <name>Simferopol uezd</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>vineyards</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="256" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="4">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="19">
                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="23">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1049">
                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1051">
                  <text>1804-1853</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Rank</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1474">
              <text>Second Lieutenant</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Year of Inscription</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1475">
              <text>1805</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Inscription Note</name>
          <description>Display Description</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1476">
              <text>Inscribed in part 2 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those whose noble status was defined by military service).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Family &amp; Background</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1477">
              <text>[no notation]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Service Record</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1478">
              <text>[no notation]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Residence &amp; Property</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1479">
              <text>[no notation]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1472">
                <text>Temir Bey Biiarslanov</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1473">
                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="257" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="4">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="19">
                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="23">
                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="39">
              <name>Creator</name>
              <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1049">
                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="40">
              <name>Date</name>
              <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1051">
                  <text>1804-1853</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="20">
      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="55">
          <name>Rank</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1482">
              <text>Guards Colonel (esaul)</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="56">
          <name>Year of Inscription</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1483">
              <text>1838</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="57">
          <name>Inscription Note</name>
          <description>Display Description</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1484">
              <text>Inscribed in part 3 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those who attained civil rank of 8 or higher).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="31">
          <name>Birth Date</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1485">
              <text>1787</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="58">
          <name>Family &amp; Background</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1486">
              <text>Maksiut Bey (51) was married to Lil'i Khanim.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="59">
          <name>Service Record</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1487">
              <text>Maksiut Bey began service in the Simferopol Tatar Horse Regiment as esaul in June 1807 and rose to shtabs-rotmistr (July 1827), then rotmistr (November 1827), colonel (1832), and finally as squadron commander (January 1833).</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="60">
          <name>Residence &amp; Property</name>
          <description/>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="1488">
              <text>[no notation]</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1480">
                <text>Maksiut Bey Biiarslanov</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="1481">
                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="37">
        <name>women</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
