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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains six images from the volume published by &lt;a href="/items/show/567" target="_self"&gt;Count A. S. Uvarov&lt;/a&gt; under the title&lt;a href="http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/sobranie-kart-i-risunkov-k-izledovaniam-o-drevnostiakh-iuzhnoi-rossii-i-beregov#/?tab=about"&gt;&lt;img style="float: right;" src="http://images.nypl.org/index.php?id=1507200&amp;amp;t=w" alt="" height="300" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;a title="go to the Item" href="/items/show/585" target="_self"&gt;Collection of maps and drawings for the study of the antiquities of Southern Russia and the Shores of the Black Sea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In part, this was the illustrated companion to Uvarov's &lt;a title="bibliographic citation" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/beautiful_spaces/items/itemKey/CFKJ3VJZ" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recherches sur les antiquités de la Russie méridionale et des côtes de la mer Noire&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;- the written result of the expedition commissioned in 1847. Uvarov's charge came from Maximilian, Duke of Leuchtenberg, President of the Imperial Academy of Arts and of the newly-established (1846) &lt;a title="read about the history of archaeological societies in Russia described in the Brokhaus-Efron Encyclopedia" href="https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Imperial Archaeological Society&lt;/a&gt;. He was to conduct research at any and all sites "mentioned by the ancient writers" from the mouth of the Danube to the mouth of the Phasis (Rioni) in Georgia, and to pay attention to the disposition of burial mounds throughout the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Points 4 though 10 of the expedition instruction are an excellent thumbnail sketch of the significance of the Black Sea littoral from the vantage point of mid-19th century archaeologists (and their patrons):&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;em&gt;4. To determine the elevation of ancient places for which there are no good plans;&lt;br /&gt;5. To study the remains and ruins to be found in the Crimean interior, notably along the Salgir, Belbek, and Mangush rivers;&lt;br /&gt;6. Apart from antiquities of the classical period, to make inquiries into the antiquities of all time periods, including those of the Scythians, Byzantines, Tatars, Genoese, and Russians;&lt;br /&gt;7. To collect all the ancient inscriptions, known or unknown, making copies or imprints of them;&lt;br /&gt;8. To verify [Paul] DuBrux's claims about Nymphaea (Kara Bouroum);&lt;br /&gt;9. To visit the museums at Nikolaief, Theodosie, and Odessa, and the antiquities found at the church at Taman;&lt;br /&gt;10. Sepulchres of several Scythian kings are said to exist along the north coast of the Putrid Sea: to see whether these claims have any foundation...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;a title="bibliographic citation" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/beautiful_spaces/items/itemKey/CFKJ3VJZ" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Uvarov did not fulfill the instruction. At least, not in print. His &lt;em&gt;Recherches&lt;/em&gt;, published in 1855,&lt;em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;opens with allusions to extenuating circumstances but also to his decision to exercise discretion, before going on to describe the course of the Dnepr from the famous rapids to Nicopolis (chapter 1), and Olbia and the mouth of the Bug River (chapter 2). Uvarov spent a good deal of time on excavations in Tavrida province in 1853-1854, but the geogrpahical spread of the maps and views included in the volume of illustrations, which was published four years earlier, suggests that Uvarov had in fact made his way through the entire littoral as it was mapped out for him in the expedition instruction. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perhaps, when it came down to it, he simply preferred digging to writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Contents of the 1851 &lt;em&gt;Collection&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dnepr River: 4 views, 1 map, 1 illustration of artifacts&lt;br /&gt;Ol'viia: 3 views, 2 maps, 11 illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Berezan: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Koblevka:1 view, 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Odessa: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Lusdorf: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Dnestr (near Malakhovaia) 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Akkerman: 2 views, 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Ochakov:&amp;nbsp;1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Kiliia: 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Kartal: 2 views,&amp;nbsp;1 map&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Simferopol: 2 views&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Bakla Kaia: 1&amp;nbsp;view&lt;br /&gt;Bakhchisarai:&amp;nbsp;2 views&lt;br /&gt;Chufut-Kale: 1&amp;nbsp;view, 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Tepekermen: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Siuiren &amp;amp; Cherkes-Kermen:&amp;nbsp;1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Mangup: 5 views, 2&amp;nbsp;illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Cherkes-Kermen: 3 views&lt;br /&gt;Khersones: 1 map,&amp;nbsp;2&amp;nbsp;illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Ai-Todor: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Balaklava: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Limena-Kale: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Gurzuf: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Eski-Krym: 2 views&lt;br /&gt;Temriuk: 1 view, 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Stantsiia Sennaia: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Aftanizovka: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Titarovka: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Credit for the production of the illustrations goes not to Uvarov, but to the artist who travelled with him, M. Vebel'. The lithography is by François Joseph Dupressoir.&amp;nbsp;V. Darleng printed the images.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                <text>Aleksei Sergeevich Uvarov,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Sobranie kart i risunkov k izledovaniam o drevnostiakh IUzhnnoi Rossii i beregov CHernago Moria&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;(1851)</text>
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                <text>Digital image courtesy of the New York Public Library</text>
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                <text>Chromolithograph of the mausoleum of the founder of the Giray dynasty and his successor, Mengli Giray (d.1515), who commissioned the building.&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/neatline/show/tomb-of-mengli-giray#records/74" target="_self"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Examine the image in more detail here&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains six images from the volume published by &lt;a href="/items/show/567" target="_self"&gt;Count A. S. Uvarov&lt;/a&gt; under the title&lt;a href="http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/sobranie-kart-i-risunkov-k-izledovaniam-o-drevnostiakh-iuzhnoi-rossii-i-beregov#/?tab=about"&gt;&lt;img style="float: right;" src="http://images.nypl.org/index.php?id=1507200&amp;amp;t=w" alt="" height="300" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;a title="go to the Item" href="/items/show/585" target="_self"&gt;Collection of maps and drawings for the study of the antiquities of Southern Russia and the Shores of the Black Sea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In part, this was the illustrated companion to Uvarov's &lt;a title="bibliographic citation" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/beautiful_spaces/items/itemKey/CFKJ3VJZ" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recherches sur les antiquités de la Russie méridionale et des côtes de la mer Noire&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;- the written result of the expedition commissioned in 1847. Uvarov's charge came from Maximilian, Duke of Leuchtenberg, President of the Imperial Academy of Arts and of the newly-established (1846) &lt;a title="read about the history of archaeological societies in Russia described in the Brokhaus-Efron Encyclopedia" href="https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Imperial Archaeological Society&lt;/a&gt;. He was to conduct research at any and all sites "mentioned by the ancient writers" from the mouth of the Danube to the mouth of the Phasis (Rioni) in Georgia, and to pay attention to the disposition of burial mounds throughout the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Points 4 though 10 of the expedition instruction are an excellent thumbnail sketch of the significance of the Black Sea littoral from the vantage point of mid-19th century archaeologists (and their patrons):&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;em&gt;4. To determine the elevation of ancient places for which there are no good plans;&lt;br /&gt;5. To study the remains and ruins to be found in the Crimean interior, notably along the Salgir, Belbek, and Mangush rivers;&lt;br /&gt;6. Apart from antiquities of the classical period, to make inquiries into the antiquities of all time periods, including those of the Scythians, Byzantines, Tatars, Genoese, and Russians;&lt;br /&gt;7. To collect all the ancient inscriptions, known or unknown, making copies or imprints of them;&lt;br /&gt;8. To verify [Paul] DuBrux's claims about Nymphaea (Kara Bouroum);&lt;br /&gt;9. To visit the museums at Nikolaief, Theodosie, and Odessa, and the antiquities found at the church at Taman;&lt;br /&gt;10. Sepulchres of several Scythian kings are said to exist along the north coast of the Putrid Sea: to see whether these claims have any foundation...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;a title="bibliographic citation" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/beautiful_spaces/items/itemKey/CFKJ3VJZ" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Uvarov did not fulfill the instruction. At least, not in print. His &lt;em&gt;Recherches&lt;/em&gt;, published in 1855,&lt;em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;opens with allusions to extenuating circumstances but also to his decision to exercise discretion, before going on to describe the course of the Dnepr from the famous rapids to Nicopolis (chapter 1), and Olbia and the mouth of the Bug River (chapter 2). Uvarov spent a good deal of time on excavations in Tavrida province in 1853-1854, but the geogrpahical spread of the maps and views included in the volume of illustrations, which was published four years earlier, suggests that Uvarov had in fact made his way through the entire littoral as it was mapped out for him in the expedition instruction. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perhaps, when it came down to it, he simply preferred digging to writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Contents of the 1851 &lt;em&gt;Collection&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dnepr River: 4 views, 1 map, 1 illustration of artifacts&lt;br /&gt;Ol'viia: 3 views, 2 maps, 11 illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Berezan: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Koblevka:1 view, 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Odessa: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Lusdorf: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Dnestr (near Malakhovaia) 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Akkerman: 2 views, 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Ochakov:&amp;nbsp;1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Kiliia: 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Kartal: 2 views,&amp;nbsp;1 map&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Simferopol: 2 views&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Bakla Kaia: 1&amp;nbsp;view&lt;br /&gt;Bakhchisarai:&amp;nbsp;2 views&lt;br /&gt;Chufut-Kale: 1&amp;nbsp;view, 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Tepekermen: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Siuiren &amp;amp; Cherkes-Kermen:&amp;nbsp;1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Mangup: 5 views, 2&amp;nbsp;illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Cherkes-Kermen: 3 views&lt;br /&gt;Khersones: 1 map,&amp;nbsp;2&amp;nbsp;illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Ai-Todor: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Balaklava: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Limena-Kale: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Gurzuf: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Eski-Krym: 2 views&lt;br /&gt;Temriuk: 1 view, 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Stantsiia Sennaia: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Aftanizovka: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Titarovka: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Credit for the production of the illustrations goes not to Uvarov, but to the artist who travelled with him, M. Vebel'. The lithography is by François Joseph Dupressoir.&amp;nbsp;V. Darleng printed the images.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                <text>Aleksei Sergeevich Uvarov,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Sobranie kart i risunkov k izledovaniam o drevnostiakh IUzhnnoi Rossii i beregov CHernago Moria&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;(1851)</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains six images from the volume published by &lt;a href="/items/show/567" target="_self"&gt;Count A. S. Uvarov&lt;/a&gt; under the title&lt;a href="http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/sobranie-kart-i-risunkov-k-izledovaniam-o-drevnostiakh-iuzhnoi-rossii-i-beregov#/?tab=about"&gt;&lt;img style="float: right;" src="http://images.nypl.org/index.php?id=1507200&amp;amp;t=w" alt="" height="300" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;a title="go to the Item" href="/items/show/585" target="_self"&gt;Collection of maps and drawings for the study of the antiquities of Southern Russia and the Shores of the Black Sea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In part, this was the illustrated companion to Uvarov's &lt;a title="bibliographic citation" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/beautiful_spaces/items/itemKey/CFKJ3VJZ" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recherches sur les antiquités de la Russie méridionale et des côtes de la mer Noire&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;- the written result of the expedition commissioned in 1847. Uvarov's charge came from Maximilian, Duke of Leuchtenberg, President of the Imperial Academy of Arts and of the newly-established (1846) &lt;a title="read about the history of archaeological societies in Russia described in the Brokhaus-Efron Encyclopedia" href="https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Imperial Archaeological Society&lt;/a&gt;. He was to conduct research at any and all sites "mentioned by the ancient writers" from the mouth of the Danube to the mouth of the Phasis (Rioni) in Georgia, and to pay attention to the disposition of burial mounds throughout the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Points 4 though 10 of the expedition instruction are an excellent thumbnail sketch of the significance of the Black Sea littoral from the vantage point of mid-19th century archaeologists (and their patrons):&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;em&gt;4. To determine the elevation of ancient places for which there are no good plans;&lt;br /&gt;5. To study the remains and ruins to be found in the Crimean interior, notably along the Salgir, Belbek, and Mangush rivers;&lt;br /&gt;6. Apart from antiquities of the classical period, to make inquiries into the antiquities of all time periods, including those of the Scythians, Byzantines, Tatars, Genoese, and Russians;&lt;br /&gt;7. To collect all the ancient inscriptions, known or unknown, making copies or imprints of them;&lt;br /&gt;8. To verify [Paul] DuBrux's claims about Nymphaea (Kara Bouroum);&lt;br /&gt;9. To visit the museums at Nikolaief, Theodosie, and Odessa, and the antiquities found at the church at Taman;&lt;br /&gt;10. Sepulchres of several Scythian kings are said to exist along the north coast of the Putrid Sea: to see whether these claims have any foundation...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;a title="bibliographic citation" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/beautiful_spaces/items/itemKey/CFKJ3VJZ" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Uvarov did not fulfill the instruction. At least, not in print. His &lt;em&gt;Recherches&lt;/em&gt;, published in 1855,&lt;em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;opens with allusions to extenuating circumstances but also to his decision to exercise discretion, before going on to describe the course of the Dnepr from the famous rapids to Nicopolis (chapter 1), and Olbia and the mouth of the Bug River (chapter 2). Uvarov spent a good deal of time on excavations in Tavrida province in 1853-1854, but the geogrpahical spread of the maps and views included in the volume of illustrations, which was published four years earlier, suggests that Uvarov had in fact made his way through the entire littoral as it was mapped out for him in the expedition instruction. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perhaps, when it came down to it, he simply preferred digging to writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Contents of the 1851 &lt;em&gt;Collection&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dnepr River: 4 views, 1 map, 1 illustration of artifacts&lt;br /&gt;Ol'viia: 3 views, 2 maps, 11 illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Berezan: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Koblevka:1 view, 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Odessa: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Lusdorf: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Dnestr (near Malakhovaia) 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Akkerman: 2 views, 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Ochakov:&amp;nbsp;1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Kiliia: 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Kartal: 2 views,&amp;nbsp;1 map&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Simferopol: 2 views&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Bakla Kaia: 1&amp;nbsp;view&lt;br /&gt;Bakhchisarai:&amp;nbsp;2 views&lt;br /&gt;Chufut-Kale: 1&amp;nbsp;view, 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Tepekermen: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Siuiren &amp;amp; Cherkes-Kermen:&amp;nbsp;1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Mangup: 5 views, 2&amp;nbsp;illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Cherkes-Kermen: 3 views&lt;br /&gt;Khersones: 1 map,&amp;nbsp;2&amp;nbsp;illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Ai-Todor: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Balaklava: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Limena-Kale: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Gurzuf: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Eski-Krym: 2 views&lt;br /&gt;Temriuk: 1 view, 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Stantsiia Sennaia: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Aftanizovka: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Titarovka: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Credit for the production of the illustrations goes not to Uvarov, but to the artist who travelled with him, M. Vebel'. The lithography is by François Joseph Dupressoir.&amp;nbsp;V. Darleng printed the images.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                <text>Ruins of the Mosque of Sultan Baybars</text>
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                <text>Aleksei Sergeevich Uvarov,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Sobranie kart i risunkov k izledovaniam o drevnostiakh IUzhnnoi Rossii i beregov CHernago Moria&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;(1851)</text>
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                <text>Digital image courtesy of the New York Public Library</text>
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                <text>Chromolithograph of a mosque built by Sultan Baybars (d. 1277) of Egypt. Baybars, one of the great Mamluk sultans, was likely a Kipchak Turk born in the Pontic steppe. He maintained close diplomatic ties with the Kipchak Khanate (also known as the Golden Horde), which controlled Crimea from the late thirteenth century to the mid fifteenth century, and commissioned the building of this mosque in Solhat (as Eski Krym was then known).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/neatline/fullscreen/the-mosque-of-sultan-baybars" target="_blank"&gt;Go to the annotated image.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains six images from the volume published by &lt;a href="/items/show/567" target="_self"&gt;Count A. S. Uvarov&lt;/a&gt; under the title&lt;a href="http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/sobranie-kart-i-risunkov-k-izledovaniam-o-drevnostiakh-iuzhnoi-rossii-i-beregov#/?tab=about"&gt;&lt;img style="float: right;" src="http://images.nypl.org/index.php?id=1507200&amp;amp;t=w" alt="" height="300" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;a title="go to the Item" href="/items/show/585" target="_self"&gt;Collection of maps and drawings for the study of the antiquities of Southern Russia and the Shores of the Black Sea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In part, this was the illustrated companion to Uvarov's &lt;a title="bibliographic citation" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/beautiful_spaces/items/itemKey/CFKJ3VJZ" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recherches sur les antiquités de la Russie méridionale et des côtes de la mer Noire&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;- the written result of the expedition commissioned in 1847. Uvarov's charge came from Maximilian, Duke of Leuchtenberg, President of the Imperial Academy of Arts and of the newly-established (1846) &lt;a title="read about the history of archaeological societies in Russia described in the Brokhaus-Efron Encyclopedia" href="https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Imperial Archaeological Society&lt;/a&gt;. He was to conduct research at any and all sites "mentioned by the ancient writers" from the mouth of the Danube to the mouth of the Phasis (Rioni) in Georgia, and to pay attention to the disposition of burial mounds throughout the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Points 4 though 10 of the expedition instruction are an excellent thumbnail sketch of the significance of the Black Sea littoral from the vantage point of mid-19th century archaeologists (and their patrons):&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;em&gt;4. To determine the elevation of ancient places for which there are no good plans;&lt;br /&gt;5. To study the remains and ruins to be found in the Crimean interior, notably along the Salgir, Belbek, and Mangush rivers;&lt;br /&gt;6. Apart from antiquities of the classical period, to make inquiries into the antiquities of all time periods, including those of the Scythians, Byzantines, Tatars, Genoese, and Russians;&lt;br /&gt;7. To collect all the ancient inscriptions, known or unknown, making copies or imprints of them;&lt;br /&gt;8. To verify [Paul] DuBrux's claims about Nymphaea (Kara Bouroum);&lt;br /&gt;9. To visit the museums at Nikolaief, Theodosie, and Odessa, and the antiquities found at the church at Taman;&lt;br /&gt;10. Sepulchres of several Scythian kings are said to exist along the north coast of the Putrid Sea: to see whether these claims have any foundation...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;a title="bibliographic citation" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/beautiful_spaces/items/itemKey/CFKJ3VJZ" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Uvarov did not fulfill the instruction. At least, not in print. His &lt;em&gt;Recherches&lt;/em&gt;, published in 1855,&lt;em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;opens with allusions to extenuating circumstances but also to his decision to exercise discretion, before going on to describe the course of the Dnepr from the famous rapids to Nicopolis (chapter 1), and Olbia and the mouth of the Bug River (chapter 2). Uvarov spent a good deal of time on excavations in Tavrida province in 1853-1854, but the geogrpahical spread of the maps and views included in the volume of illustrations, which was published four years earlier, suggests that Uvarov had in fact made his way through the entire littoral as it was mapped out for him in the expedition instruction. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perhaps, when it came down to it, he simply preferred digging to writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Contents of the 1851 &lt;em&gt;Collection&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dnepr River: 4 views, 1 map, 1 illustration of artifacts&lt;br /&gt;Ol'viia: 3 views, 2 maps, 11 illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Berezan: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Koblevka:1 view, 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Odessa: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Lusdorf: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Dnestr (near Malakhovaia) 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Akkerman: 2 views, 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Ochakov:&amp;nbsp;1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Kiliia: 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Kartal: 2 views,&amp;nbsp;1 map&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Simferopol: 2 views&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Bakla Kaia: 1&amp;nbsp;view&lt;br /&gt;Bakhchisarai:&amp;nbsp;2 views&lt;br /&gt;Chufut-Kale: 1&amp;nbsp;view, 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Tepekermen: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Siuiren &amp;amp; Cherkes-Kermen:&amp;nbsp;1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Mangup: 5 views, 2&amp;nbsp;illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Cherkes-Kermen: 3 views&lt;br /&gt;Khersones: 1 map,&amp;nbsp;2&amp;nbsp;illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Ai-Todor: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Balaklava: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Limena-Kale: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Gurzuf: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Eski-Krym: 2 views&lt;br /&gt;Temriuk: 1 view, 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Stantsiia Sennaia: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Aftanizovka: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Titarovka: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Credit for the production of the illustrations goes not to Uvarov, but to the artist who travelled with him, M. Vebel'. The lithography is by François Joseph Dupressoir.&amp;nbsp;V. Darleng printed the images.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                <text>View of the Nave in the Cave Church</text>
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                <text>Aleksei Sergeevich Uvarov,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Sobranie kart i risunkov k izledovaniam o drevnostiakh IUzhnnoi Rossii i beregov CHernago Moria&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;(1851)</text>
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                <text>Digital image courtesy of the New York Public Library</text>
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                <text>Chromolithograph of a "cave church" at Mangup. Churches and monasteries were often built into the sides of cliffs in the Crimean mountains.  </text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains six images from the volume published by &lt;a href="/items/show/567" target="_self"&gt;Count A. S. Uvarov&lt;/a&gt; under the title&lt;a href="http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/collections/sobranie-kart-i-risunkov-k-izledovaniam-o-drevnostiakh-iuzhnoi-rossii-i-beregov#/?tab=about"&gt;&lt;img style="float: right;" src="http://images.nypl.org/index.php?id=1507200&amp;amp;t=w" alt="" height="300" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;a title="go to the Item" href="/items/show/585" target="_self"&gt;Collection of maps and drawings for the study of the antiquities of Southern Russia and the Shores of the Black Sea&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In part, this was the illustrated companion to Uvarov's &lt;a title="bibliographic citation" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/beautiful_spaces/items/itemKey/CFKJ3VJZ" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Recherches sur les antiquités de la Russie méridionale et des côtes de la mer Noire&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;- the written result of the expedition commissioned in 1847. Uvarov's charge came from Maximilian, Duke of Leuchtenberg, President of the Imperial Academy of Arts and of the newly-established (1846) &lt;a title="read about the history of archaeological societies in Russia described in the Brokhaus-Efron Encyclopedia" href="https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%91%D0%95/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;Imperial Archaeological Society&lt;/a&gt;. He was to conduct research at any and all sites "mentioned by the ancient writers" from the mouth of the Danube to the mouth of the Phasis (Rioni) in Georgia, and to pay attention to the disposition of burial mounds throughout the region.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Points 4 though 10 of the expedition instruction are an excellent thumbnail sketch of the significance of the Black Sea littoral from the vantage point of mid-19th century archaeologists (and their patrons):&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;em&gt;4. To determine the elevation of ancient places for which there are no good plans;&lt;br /&gt;5. To study the remains and ruins to be found in the Crimean interior, notably along the Salgir, Belbek, and Mangush rivers;&lt;br /&gt;6. Apart from antiquities of the classical period, to make inquiries into the antiquities of all time periods, including those of the Scythians, Byzantines, Tatars, Genoese, and Russians;&lt;br /&gt;7. To collect all the ancient inscriptions, known or unknown, making copies or imprints of them;&lt;br /&gt;8. To verify [Paul] DuBrux's claims about Nymphaea (Kara Bouroum);&lt;br /&gt;9. To visit the museums at Nikolaief, Theodosie, and Odessa, and the antiquities found at the church at Taman;&lt;br /&gt;10. Sepulchres of several Scythian kings are said to exist along the north coast of the Putrid Sea: to see whether these claims have any foundation...&lt;/em&gt;&lt;a title="bibliographic citation" href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/beautiful_spaces/items/itemKey/CFKJ3VJZ" target="_blank" rel="noopener"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Uvarov did not fulfill the instruction. At least, not in print. His &lt;em&gt;Recherches&lt;/em&gt;, published in 1855,&lt;em&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;opens with allusions to extenuating circumstances but also to his decision to exercise discretion, before going on to describe the course of the Dnepr from the famous rapids to Nicopolis (chapter 1), and Olbia and the mouth of the Bug River (chapter 2). Uvarov spent a good deal of time on excavations in Tavrida province in 1853-1854, but the geogrpahical spread of the maps and views included in the volume of illustrations, which was published four years earlier, suggests that Uvarov had in fact made his way through the entire littoral as it was mapped out for him in the expedition instruction. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perhaps, when it came down to it, he simply preferred digging to writing.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;span style="text-decoration: underline;"&gt;Contents of the 1851 &lt;em&gt;Collection&lt;/em&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dnepr River: 4 views, 1 map, 1 illustration of artifacts&lt;br /&gt;Ol'viia: 3 views, 2 maps, 11 illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Berezan: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Koblevka:1 view, 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Odessa: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Lusdorf: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Dnestr (near Malakhovaia) 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Akkerman: 2 views, 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Ochakov:&amp;nbsp;1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Kiliia: 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Kartal: 2 views,&amp;nbsp;1 map&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Simferopol: 2 views&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Bakla Kaia: 1&amp;nbsp;view&lt;br /&gt;Bakhchisarai:&amp;nbsp;2 views&lt;br /&gt;Chufut-Kale: 1&amp;nbsp;view, 1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Tepekermen: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Siuiren &amp;amp; Cherkes-Kermen:&amp;nbsp;1 illustration&lt;br /&gt;Mangup: 5 views, 2&amp;nbsp;illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Cherkes-Kermen: 3 views&lt;br /&gt;Khersones: 1 map,&amp;nbsp;2&amp;nbsp;illustrations&lt;br /&gt;Ai-Todor: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Balaklava: 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Limena-Kale: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Gurzuf: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Eski-Krym: 2 views&lt;br /&gt;Temriuk: 1 view, 1 map&lt;br /&gt;Stantsiia Sennaia: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Aftanizovka: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;Titarovka: 1 view&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Credit for the production of the illustrations goes not to Uvarov, but to the artist who travelled with him, M. Vebel'. The lithography is by François Joseph Dupressoir.&amp;nbsp;V. Darleng printed the images.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                <text>Aleksei Sergeevich Uvarov,&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;Sobranie kart i risunkov k izledovaniam o drevnostiakh IUzhnnoi Rossii i beregov CHernago Moria&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;(1851)</text>
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                <text>Drawn from nature by M. Vebel'&lt;br /&gt;Lithography by&lt;span&gt;François Joseph Dupressoir&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Printed by V. Darleng</text>
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                <text>Chromolithograph. The French title of this lithograph ("view of the church at the foot of the mountain") makes no reference to the fact that this is, according to the Russian-language title, an interior view of the &lt;em&gt;lower&lt;/em&gt; church. In Crimea, the most famous example of a church with "lower" and "upper churches" is the cathedral of St. Vladimir at Khersones, where the subterranean lower church marks the supposed site of the baptism of Prince Vladimir of Kiev in 988.</text>
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              <text>“[A]fter going about twelve miles among the most beautiful mountains imaginable, a small valley appeared a little to the right of us infinitely pretty. We crossed that and went through a thick wood, which led to the valley of Baydar; a most enchanting and magnificent spot, intended by nature for some industrious and happy nation to enjoy in peace. A few Tartar villages lessen the wildness of the scene, but, in such a place, the meadow part should be covered with herds, and the mountainous with sheep. When we were come into this valley we found the mountains to the left less high, and less rocky than those to the right, which run in a line with those to Soudak, and form the coast. When we were in the valley we could not have imagined that we were so near the sea; as the rocks which are above it are covered with wood of every sort, wild vine, pomegranate, and many sweet shrubs; I rode up to an elevation, which is, for as much as I can guess, the centre of the valley, and sat there with my companions contemplating the beautiful scene. The valley is above twenty miles long, wide enough to form it into a graceful oval---two or three small rivers run through it, and there are fine clear springs in every village.”</text>
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                <text>Lady Craven describes the Baydar Valley</text>
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                <text>“[A]fter going about twelve miles among the most beautiful mountains imaginable, a small valley appeared a little to the right of us infinitely pretty. We crossed that and went through a thick wood, which led to the valley of Baydar; a most enchanting and magnificent spot, intended by nature for some industrious and happy nation to enjoy in peace. A few Tartar villages lessen the wildness of the scene, but, in such a place, the meadow part should be covered with herds, and the mountainous with sheep. When we were come into this valley we found the mountains to the left less high, and less rocky than those to the right, which run in a line with those to Soudak, and form the coast. When we were in the valley we could not have imagined that we were so near the sea; as the rocks which are above it are covered with wood of every sort, wild vine, pomegranate, and many sweet shrubs; I rode up to an elevation, which is, for as much as I can guess, the centre of the valley, and sat there with my companions contemplating the beautiful scene. The valley is above twenty miles long, wide enough to form it into a graceful oval---two or three small rivers run through it, and there are fine clear springs in every village.”</text>
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                <text>Craven, Elizabeth. &lt;em&gt;A journey through the Crimea to Constantinople. In a series of letters ... to his Serene Highness the Margrave of Brandebourg, Ansbach and Bareith&lt;/em&gt;. 2nd edition. London, G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1789. Pages 252-253.</text>
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