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                <text>Cover title: Krymskīĭ sbornik Accompanied by: Ukazatelʹ k Karti︠e︡ i︠u︡zhnago Kryma prinadlezhashcheĭ k Krymskomu sborniku Petra Keppena. Sanktpeterburg : Pri Imperatorskoĭ Akademīi nauk, 1836. 68 p. + 1 map on 4 sheets ; 62 x 107 cm., sheets 35 x 57 cm., folded to 29 x 18 cm</text>
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                  <text>These are the core historical maps which I have mined for spatial data. I have used them to help me locate places that no longer exist, as well as to think about how Crimean space was conceptualized - and how places were defined in relation to one another - in the 19th century.</text>
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                <text>This digital copy of Keppen's map was made from a copy of an edition of the map held by the library of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. The map has four sheets; the digital version contains 8 images.</text>
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                <text>Originally published by the Governor-General of Novorossiia and Bessarabia, Count M. S. Vorontsov. Digital images made available by Sergei L'vovich Smekalov (archmap.ru).</text>
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                  <text>Crimea was (and still is) uniquely studded with fallen slabs, old foundations, ancient walls, gravestones, and mounds of earth that have grown incrementally over the years to cover the bones of past lives. On my first visit to Sevastopol a friend explained that every good rain dislodged chards of pottery, the occasional coin, and other sundry treasures. And sure enough, when we went trekking in the mountains above Laspi later that week - keeping a sharp eye out for wild boar - I found three small bits of pottery, the edges worn smooth but the greens and blues of their surfaces still vivid. My friend chuckled and dismissed them as insignificant - the pieces dated to the fourteenth or maybe fifteenth century, after all - but I savored the extraordinary feeling of that small weight in my palm, sun-warm and heavy with historical memory.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1837 the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg published a remarkable study&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast of Crimea and the Tavridan Mountains&lt;/em&gt;. The book's author,&amp;nbsp;Peter Keppen, spent 5 years living in Crimea while serving as assistant to the chief of silk production (shelkovodstvo). During that time he traveled almost obsessively, collecting material for his geographical and archaeological projects.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the dedication (addressed, of course, to Tsar Nicholas I), Keppen describes Crimea as "the most charming of all the countries prospering" under Romanov rule. His book lovingly documents the location, history, and status of inscribed stones, marble columns, churches, and tombstones, but the bulk of material details defensive towers and walls. Keppen saw Crimea - in antiquity - as a territory divided between a savage, predatory north and a luxuriously beautiful south hemmed in by the Tauride (or Tavridan) mountains on one side and the Black Sea on the other. The fortified line that separated one from the other was, to him, one of the two organizing features of Crimean space (or of its antique space anyway).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The second feature was sedimentation. Keppen was acutely aware of the way in which the passage of time imprinted itself on the landscape. At one point he describes finding the remains of an ancient fortification with thick walls of "wild stone" on the heights of Ayudag. "And is it surprising?" Keppen asks. "One must remember that this place has not been inhabited since 1475. And since then the spring sun has warmed the mountain tops and new growth has sprung from the depths of the earth no fewer than 360 times. 360 times over autumn storms have torn the leaves from trees and ripped the grasses, each year creating a new layer to cover any traces of human existence!"(170)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Keppen would tell you that to see Crimea, one had to dig.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This collection contains all of the sites (though not all of the individual stones!) discussed in &lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;It includes 4 mausoleums, 9 Greek churches, and 58 fortifications. Each and every one was a ruin even before Keppen laid eyes on it.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related gallery: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/19" target="_self"&gt;Uvarov's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related narrations&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/37" target="_self"&gt;Among the Ruins&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/40" target="_self"&gt;A Monumental Inscription&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Related source map&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/item/898" target="_blank"&gt;Keppen's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                <text>Petr Keppen, &lt;em&gt;O drevnostiakh IUzhnago Berega Kryma i Gor Tavricheskikh&lt;/em&gt; (Sankt Peterburg, 1837)</text>
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                <text>The Otuz fortification is situated on a substantial hill three-quarters of an hour from the village of Otuz, down near the sea. Its significance lies in the fact that it is the most easterly of the fortifications on the coastal side of the mountains. The ruins here, Keppen explains, are indicative of the presence of a great many other foritifications along the coast.(103)</text>
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                <text>The Stanford Library copy of Keppen's work was digitized by Google Books.</text>
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                  <text>Crimea was (and still is) uniquely studded with fallen slabs, old foundations, ancient walls, gravestones, and mounds of earth that have grown incrementally over the years to cover the bones of past lives. On my first visit to Sevastopol a friend explained that every good rain dislodged chards of pottery, the occasional coin, and other sundry treasures. And sure enough, when we went trekking in the mountains above Laspi later that week - keeping a sharp eye out for wild boar - I found three small bits of pottery, the edges worn smooth but the greens and blues of their surfaces still vivid. My friend chuckled and dismissed them as insignificant - the pieces dated to the fourteenth or maybe fifteenth century, after all - but I savored the extraordinary feeling of that small weight in my palm, sun-warm and heavy with historical memory.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1837 the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg published a remarkable study&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast of Crimea and the Tavridan Mountains&lt;/em&gt;. The book's author,&amp;nbsp;Peter Keppen, spent 5 years living in Crimea while serving as assistant to the chief of silk production (shelkovodstvo). During that time he traveled almost obsessively, collecting material for his geographical and archaeological projects.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the dedication (addressed, of course, to Tsar Nicholas I), Keppen describes Crimea as "the most charming of all the countries prospering" under Romanov rule. His book lovingly documents the location, history, and status of inscribed stones, marble columns, churches, and tombstones, but the bulk of material details defensive towers and walls. Keppen saw Crimea - in antiquity - as a territory divided between a savage, predatory north and a luxuriously beautiful south hemmed in by the Tauride (or Tavridan) mountains on one side and the Black Sea on the other. The fortified line that separated one from the other was, to him, one of the two organizing features of Crimean space (or of its antique space anyway).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The second feature was sedimentation. Keppen was acutely aware of the way in which the passage of time imprinted itself on the landscape. At one point he describes finding the remains of an ancient fortification with thick walls of "wild stone" on the heights of Ayudag. "And is it surprising?" Keppen asks. "One must remember that this place has not been inhabited since 1475. And since then the spring sun has warmed the mountain tops and new growth has sprung from the depths of the earth no fewer than 360 times. 360 times over autumn storms have torn the leaves from trees and ripped the grasses, each year creating a new layer to cover any traces of human existence!"(170)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Keppen would tell you that to see Crimea, one had to dig.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This collection contains all of the sites (though not all of the individual stones!) discussed in &lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;It includes 4 mausoleums, 9 Greek churches, and 58 fortifications. Each and every one was a ruin even before Keppen laid eyes on it.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related gallery: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/19" target="_self"&gt;Uvarov's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related narrations&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/37" target="_self"&gt;Among the Ruins&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/40" target="_self"&gt;A Monumental Inscription&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Related source map&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/item/898" target="_blank"&gt;Keppen's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                <text>Located one and one-quarter hours travel from Otuz on the road to Staryi Krym. On Mukhin's map, Khabakh Tash is called "ruins of Otuz".</text>
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                  <text>Crimea was (and still is) uniquely studded with fallen slabs, old foundations, ancient walls, gravestones, and mounds of earth that have grown incrementally over the years to cover the bones of past lives. On my first visit to Sevastopol a friend explained that every good rain dislodged chards of pottery, the occasional coin, and other sundry treasures. And sure enough, when we went trekking in the mountains above Laspi later that week - keeping a sharp eye out for wild boar - I found three small bits of pottery, the edges worn smooth but the greens and blues of their surfaces still vivid. My friend chuckled and dismissed them as insignificant - the pieces dated to the fourteenth or maybe fifteenth century, after all - but I savored the extraordinary feeling of that small weight in my palm, sun-warm and heavy with historical memory.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1837 the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg published a remarkable study&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast of Crimea and the Tavridan Mountains&lt;/em&gt;. The book's author,&amp;nbsp;Peter Keppen, spent 5 years living in Crimea while serving as assistant to the chief of silk production (shelkovodstvo). During that time he traveled almost obsessively, collecting material for his geographical and archaeological projects.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the dedication (addressed, of course, to Tsar Nicholas I), Keppen describes Crimea as "the most charming of all the countries prospering" under Romanov rule. His book lovingly documents the location, history, and status of inscribed stones, marble columns, churches, and tombstones, but the bulk of material details defensive towers and walls. Keppen saw Crimea - in antiquity - as a territory divided between a savage, predatory north and a luxuriously beautiful south hemmed in by the Tauride (or Tavridan) mountains on one side and the Black Sea on the other. The fortified line that separated one from the other was, to him, one of the two organizing features of Crimean space (or of its antique space anyway).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The second feature was sedimentation. Keppen was acutely aware of the way in which the passage of time imprinted itself on the landscape. At one point he describes finding the remains of an ancient fortification with thick walls of "wild stone" on the heights of Ayudag. "And is it surprising?" Keppen asks. "One must remember that this place has not been inhabited since 1475. And since then the spring sun has warmed the mountain tops and new growth has sprung from the depths of the earth no fewer than 360 times. 360 times over autumn storms have torn the leaves from trees and ripped the grasses, each year creating a new layer to cover any traces of human existence!"(170)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Keppen would tell you that to see Crimea, one had to dig.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This collection contains all of the sites (though not all of the individual stones!) discussed in &lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;It includes 4 mausoleums, 9 Greek churches, and 58 fortifications. Each and every one was a ruin even before Keppen laid eyes on it.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related gallery: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/19" target="_self"&gt;Uvarov's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related narrations&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/37" target="_self"&gt;Among the Ruins&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/40" target="_self"&gt;A Monumental Inscription&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Related source map&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/item/898" target="_blank"&gt;Keppen's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Crimea was (and still is) uniquely studded with fallen slabs, old foundations, ancient walls, gravestones, and mounds of earth that have grown incrementally over the years to cover the bones of past lives. On my first visit to Sevastopol a friend explained that every good rain dislodged chards of pottery, the occasional coin, and other sundry treasures. And sure enough, when we went trekking in the mountains above Laspi later that week - keeping a sharp eye out for wild boar - I found three small bits of pottery, the edges worn smooth but the greens and blues of their surfaces still vivid. My friend chuckled and dismissed them as insignificant - the pieces dated to the fourteenth or maybe fifteenth century, after all - but I savored the extraordinary feeling of that small weight in my palm, sun-warm and heavy with historical memory.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1837 the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg published a remarkable study&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast of Crimea and the Tavridan Mountains&lt;/em&gt;. The book's author,&amp;nbsp;Peter Keppen, spent 5 years living in Crimea while serving as assistant to the chief of silk production (shelkovodstvo). During that time he traveled almost obsessively, collecting material for his geographical and archaeological projects.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the dedication (addressed, of course, to Tsar Nicholas I), Keppen describes Crimea as "the most charming of all the countries prospering" under Romanov rule. His book lovingly documents the location, history, and status of inscribed stones, marble columns, churches, and tombstones, but the bulk of material details defensive towers and walls. Keppen saw Crimea - in antiquity - as a territory divided between a savage, predatory north and a luxuriously beautiful south hemmed in by the Tauride (or Tavridan) mountains on one side and the Black Sea on the other. The fortified line that separated one from the other was, to him, one of the two organizing features of Crimean space (or of its antique space anyway).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The second feature was sedimentation. Keppen was acutely aware of the way in which the passage of time imprinted itself on the landscape. At one point he describes finding the remains of an ancient fortification with thick walls of "wild stone" on the heights of Ayudag. "And is it surprising?" Keppen asks. "One must remember that this place has not been inhabited since 1475. And since then the spring sun has warmed the mountain tops and new growth has sprung from the depths of the earth no fewer than 360 times. 360 times over autumn storms have torn the leaves from trees and ripped the grasses, each year creating a new layer to cover any traces of human existence!"(170)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Keppen would tell you that to see Crimea, one had to dig.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This collection contains all of the sites (though not all of the individual stones!) discussed in &lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;It includes 4 mausoleums, 9 Greek churches, and 58 fortifications. Each and every one was a ruin even before Keppen laid eyes on it.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related gallery: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/19" target="_self"&gt;Uvarov's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related narrations&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/37" target="_self"&gt;Among the Ruins&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/40" target="_self"&gt;A Monumental Inscription&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Related source map&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/item/898" target="_blank"&gt;Keppen's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Crimea was (and still is) uniquely studded with fallen slabs, old foundations, ancient walls, gravestones, and mounds of earth that have grown incrementally over the years to cover the bones of past lives. On my first visit to Sevastopol a friend explained that every good rain dislodged chards of pottery, the occasional coin, and other sundry treasures. And sure enough, when we went trekking in the mountains above Laspi later that week - keeping a sharp eye out for wild boar - I found three small bits of pottery, the edges worn smooth but the greens and blues of their surfaces still vivid. My friend chuckled and dismissed them as insignificant - the pieces dated to the fourteenth or maybe fifteenth century, after all - but I savored the extraordinary feeling of that small weight in my palm, sun-warm and heavy with historical memory.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1837 the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg published a remarkable study&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast of Crimea and the Tavridan Mountains&lt;/em&gt;. The book's author,&amp;nbsp;Peter Keppen, spent 5 years living in Crimea while serving as assistant to the chief of silk production (shelkovodstvo). During that time he traveled almost obsessively, collecting material for his geographical and archaeological projects.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the dedication (addressed, of course, to Tsar Nicholas I), Keppen describes Crimea as "the most charming of all the countries prospering" under Romanov rule. His book lovingly documents the location, history, and status of inscribed stones, marble columns, churches, and tombstones, but the bulk of material details defensive towers and walls. Keppen saw Crimea - in antiquity - as a territory divided between a savage, predatory north and a luxuriously beautiful south hemmed in by the Tauride (or Tavridan) mountains on one side and the Black Sea on the other. The fortified line that separated one from the other was, to him, one of the two organizing features of Crimean space (or of its antique space anyway).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The second feature was sedimentation. Keppen was acutely aware of the way in which the passage of time imprinted itself on the landscape. At one point he describes finding the remains of an ancient fortification with thick walls of "wild stone" on the heights of Ayudag. "And is it surprising?" Keppen asks. "One must remember that this place has not been inhabited since 1475. And since then the spring sun has warmed the mountain tops and new growth has sprung from the depths of the earth no fewer than 360 times. 360 times over autumn storms have torn the leaves from trees and ripped the grasses, each year creating a new layer to cover any traces of human existence!"(170)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Keppen would tell you that to see Crimea, one had to dig.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This collection contains all of the sites (though not all of the individual stones!) discussed in &lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;It includes 4 mausoleums, 9 Greek churches, and 58 fortifications. Each and every one was a ruin even before Keppen laid eyes on it.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related gallery: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/19" target="_self"&gt;Uvarov's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related narrations&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/37" target="_self"&gt;Among the Ruins&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/40" target="_self"&gt;A Monumental Inscription&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Related source map&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/item/898" target="_blank"&gt;Keppen's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                <text>A gorge on the road leading from Taraktash to Kutly in the Karagach forest (about an hour from Kutly, less than two hours from Suuk-Su, 6 or 7 versts from Taraktash and 10 versts from the Karagach forest). When it comes down to it, Keppen isn't quite sure this site contains the remnants of any fortification at all. He reports seeing a row of stones that might have once been part of a wall, but hedges his bets. "I say maybe however, because in truth this is nothing more than a guess that cannot be confirmed."(112-113)</text>
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                  <text>Crimea was (and still is) uniquely studded with fallen slabs, old foundations, ancient walls, gravestones, and mounds of earth that have grown incrementally over the years to cover the bones of past lives. On my first visit to Sevastopol a friend explained that every good rain dislodged chards of pottery, the occasional coin, and other sundry treasures. And sure enough, when we went trekking in the mountains above Laspi later that week - keeping a sharp eye out for wild boar - I found three small bits of pottery, the edges worn smooth but the greens and blues of their surfaces still vivid. My friend chuckled and dismissed them as insignificant - the pieces dated to the fourteenth or maybe fifteenth century, after all - but I savored the extraordinary feeling of that small weight in my palm, sun-warm and heavy with historical memory.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1837 the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg published a remarkable study&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast of Crimea and the Tavridan Mountains&lt;/em&gt;. The book's author,&amp;nbsp;Peter Keppen, spent 5 years living in Crimea while serving as assistant to the chief of silk production (shelkovodstvo). During that time he traveled almost obsessively, collecting material for his geographical and archaeological projects.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the dedication (addressed, of course, to Tsar Nicholas I), Keppen describes Crimea as "the most charming of all the countries prospering" under Romanov rule. His book lovingly documents the location, history, and status of inscribed stones, marble columns, churches, and tombstones, but the bulk of material details defensive towers and walls. Keppen saw Crimea - in antiquity - as a territory divided between a savage, predatory north and a luxuriously beautiful south hemmed in by the Tauride (or Tavridan) mountains on one side and the Black Sea on the other. The fortified line that separated one from the other was, to him, one of the two organizing features of Crimean space (or of its antique space anyway).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The second feature was sedimentation. Keppen was acutely aware of the way in which the passage of time imprinted itself on the landscape. At one point he describes finding the remains of an ancient fortification with thick walls of "wild stone" on the heights of Ayudag. "And is it surprising?" Keppen asks. "One must remember that this place has not been inhabited since 1475. And since then the spring sun has warmed the mountain tops and new growth has sprung from the depths of the earth no fewer than 360 times. 360 times over autumn storms have torn the leaves from trees and ripped the grasses, each year creating a new layer to cover any traces of human existence!"(170)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Keppen would tell you that to see Crimea, one had to dig.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This collection contains all of the sites (though not all of the individual stones!) discussed in &lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;It includes 4 mausoleums, 9 Greek churches, and 58 fortifications. Each and every one was a ruin even before Keppen laid eyes on it.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related gallery: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/19" target="_self"&gt;Uvarov's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related narrations&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/37" target="_self"&gt;Among the Ruins&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/40" target="_self"&gt;A Monumental Inscription&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Related source map&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/item/898" target="_blank"&gt;Keppen's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Crimea was (and still is) uniquely studded with fallen slabs, old foundations, ancient walls, gravestones, and mounds of earth that have grown incrementally over the years to cover the bones of past lives. On my first visit to Sevastopol a friend explained that every good rain dislodged chards of pottery, the occasional coin, and other sundry treasures. And sure enough, when we went trekking in the mountains above Laspi later that week - keeping a sharp eye out for wild boar - I found three small bits of pottery, the edges worn smooth but the greens and blues of their surfaces still vivid. My friend chuckled and dismissed them as insignificant - the pieces dated to the fourteenth or maybe fifteenth century, after all - but I savored the extraordinary feeling of that small weight in my palm, sun-warm and heavy with historical memory.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In 1837 the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg published a remarkable study&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast of Crimea and the Tavridan Mountains&lt;/em&gt;. The book's author,&amp;nbsp;Peter Keppen, spent 5 years living in Crimea while serving as assistant to the chief of silk production (shelkovodstvo). During that time he traveled almost obsessively, collecting material for his geographical and archaeological projects.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the dedication (addressed, of course, to Tsar Nicholas I), Keppen describes Crimea as "the most charming of all the countries prospering" under Romanov rule. His book lovingly documents the location, history, and status of inscribed stones, marble columns, churches, and tombstones, but the bulk of material details defensive towers and walls. Keppen saw Crimea - in antiquity - as a territory divided between a savage, predatory north and a luxuriously beautiful south hemmed in by the Tauride (or Tavridan) mountains on one side and the Black Sea on the other. The fortified line that separated one from the other was, to him, one of the two organizing features of Crimean space (or of its antique space anyway).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The second feature was sedimentation. Keppen was acutely aware of the way in which the passage of time imprinted itself on the landscape. At one point he describes finding the remains of an ancient fortification with thick walls of "wild stone" on the heights of Ayudag. "And is it surprising?" Keppen asks. "One must remember that this place has not been inhabited since 1475. And since then the spring sun has warmed the mountain tops and new growth has sprung from the depths of the earth no fewer than 360 times. 360 times over autumn storms have torn the leaves from trees and ripped the grasses, each year creating a new layer to cover any traces of human existence!"(170)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Keppen would tell you that to see Crimea, one had to dig.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;This collection contains all of the sites (though not all of the individual stones!) discussed in &lt;em&gt;On the Antiquities of the Southern Coast&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;It includes 4 mausoleums, 9 Greek churches, and 58 fortifications. Each and every one was a ruin even before Keppen laid eyes on it.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related gallery: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/19" target="_self"&gt;Uvarov's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Related narrations&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/37" target="_self"&gt;Among the Ruins&lt;/a&gt; &amp;amp; &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/collections/show/40" target="_self"&gt;A Monumental Inscription&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Related source map&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/beautifulspaces/item/898" target="_blank"&gt;Keppen's Antiquities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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