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                  <text>Source Maps</text>
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                  <text>These are the core historical maps which I have mined for spatial data. I have used them to help me locate places that no longer exist, as well as to think about how Crimean space was conceptualized - and how places were defined in relation to one another - in the 19th century.</text>
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              <text>map</text>
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                <text>Topographical map of the Crimean Peninsula</text>
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                <text>You are looking at a fragment of a topographical map of the Crimean peninsula published in 1842 by the Military-Topographical Depot of the Russian Army. The map was built from the triangulations of Lt. Colonel Oberg and topographical surveys performed by Colonel Betev 1836-1838. The map consists of 8 sheets, each measuring 54x44 cm., glued on a fabric base. Black and white; relief shown with hachures. [This digitized copy was graciously provided by the Russian State Historical Archive. The map can be found in fond 1424, opis' 1, delo 166.]</text>
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                <text>Lt. Colonel Oberg (cartographer)</text>
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                <text>Colonel Betev (surveyor)</text>
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        <name>vineyards</name>
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                <text>Vineyards</text>
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                <text>Vineyards are a dominant feature of the coastal region; in fact, they are a fundamental element of the region's spatial culture. Focusing on the vineyards provides us with much of the core "grammar" of the space we are examining:&#13;
&lt;ul&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Many of the vineyards throughout the coastal region are &lt;strong&gt;clustered &lt;/strong&gt;(the few that aren't are perhaps the most interesting).&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;The hachures are not detailed enough to allow us to make any robust observations about the relationship between vineyard locations and &lt;strong&gt;elevation &lt;/strong&gt;other than to say that they do not follow ridge lines (not terribly surprising!).&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;Many of the vineyards are &lt;strong&gt;transected &lt;/strong&gt;by roads (bear in mind that these were mainly dirt and wide enough only for a single carriage), ravines, and rivers.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;All are confined within the thin tracery of lines meant to suggest &lt;strong&gt;a variegated terrain of ownership, value, varietal, etc&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;The seemingly &lt;strong&gt;haphazard shapes and sizes&lt;/strong&gt; of the vineyards suggest that geography played a more important role in the demarcation of vineyard properties than survey lines or other forms of land administration.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;li&gt;This map obscures any sense of change over time. Here we learn nothing about the genealogy of the lines demarcating one vineyard parcel from another, and we are left to wonder about the history of ownership and productivity. Happily, troves of archival documents allow us to overcome the interpretive constraints of this &lt;strong&gt;temporal flatness&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&#13;
&lt;/ul&gt;</text>
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                <text>3</text>
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                  <text>The &lt;em&gt;fondy&lt;/em&gt;&amp;nbsp;and &lt;em&gt;delo&lt;/em&gt; from which the documentary core of the project are drawn. The archival materials were accessed over the course of a series of visits to Russia and Ukraine between 2003 and 2011.</text>
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                <text>DAARK Fond 49, op.1: Tavrida Province Assembly of Noble Deputies</text>
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                <text>Fond 49 includes documents pertaining to the administrative concerns, appointments, elections to the noble assembly, the submission of petitions for noble status (some 273 cases), further documentation of such petitions, acceptance of such petitions (177 cases), and copies of the provincial noble registers (issued annually by the Heraldry).</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://krymgosarchiv.ru/gosudarstvennyj-arkhiv-respubliki-krym" target="_blank"&gt;http://krymgosarchiv.ru/gosudarstvennyj-arkhiv-respubliki-krym&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>State Archive of the Republic of Crimea (Государственный Архив Республики Крым)</text>
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                <text>Established in 1919. Transferred from Ukrainian to Russian authority in the aftermath of the (second) annexation of Crimea in 2015.</text>
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                  <text>Spatial Grammar</text>
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                  <text>[HOLD FOR INTRO TEXT]&lt;hr /&gt;</text>
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                <text>Simferopol uezd</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;Administrative unit within Tavricheskaia Guberniia.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Uezd Town: Simferopol&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Collections of the annotations used to reflect upon, expand upon, contextualize, link, or question the content of the site. Each annotation is linked to the material that inspired it via Item Relations.</text>
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                <text>elusive women</text>
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                <text>Women are rarely mentioned in the documents describing noble status, but they are all over the cases described in the &lt;a title="go to the 1861 list of confirmed nobles" href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/1861list" target="_self"&gt;Senate confirmation lists&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Throughout "Beautiful Spaces" I have used a very basic tag - "women" - to mark Items in which a woman is mentioned by name (generally as wife or daughter of a member of the Crimean Tatar elite). As the site develops, so too will the taxonomy (one hopes!)</text>
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                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Kelly O'Neill</text>
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                  <text>1804-1853</text>
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      <name>Member of the Crimean Tatar Elite</name>
      <description>limited to Crimean Tatars</description>
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          <name>Rank</name>
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              <text>Cossack Captain (Esaul)</text>
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              <text>1832</text>
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          <name>Inscription Note</name>
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              <text>Inscribed in part 2 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those whose noble status was defined by military service).</text>
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          <name>Birth Date</name>
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              <text>1772</text>
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              <text>Iag'ia was 56, married, with three sons, ranging in age from 24 to 16. The 24-year-old served as kantselar at the Feodosiia uezd court.</text>
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              <text>Iag'ia's father reached the rank of ensign (praporshchik), but Iag'ia himself exceeded that mark. He served from 1791 until 1797, and as esaul in the 4th Crimean Tatar regiment from 1807-1810.</text>
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              <text>Agmetov owned orchards, houses, mills, and 30,000 desiatinas of land in Feodosiia uezd.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>Inscribed in part 2 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those whose noble status was defined by military service). Approved on the basis of father's service.</text>
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              <text>46-year-old son of Captain Ali Aga Akhmetov, who came to Crimean in 1770 and later worked as a translator in Tavrida. </text>
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              <text>Ali Aga was granted 500 desiatinas in 1797.</text>
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                <text>Seliamet Aliev Akhmetov</text>
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                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>[Father held rank of Major.]</text>
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              <text>Petitioned on the basis of his "ancient origins" but was inscribed in part 3 of the rodoslovnaia kniga (reserved for those who attained civil rank of 8 or higher).</text>
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              <text>Togay Murza (37) was widower with a two-year old son, Megmetcha. His father, Azamat Aga, had attained the rank of 2nd Major in 1786.</text>
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              <text>Resided in Simferopol district, where he owned forest land amounting to 25,647 desiatinas along with his brothers.</text>
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                <text>Togay Mirza Argin</text>
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                  <text>The Many Lives of Mirzas</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;This collection contains biographical sketches of the 39 members of the Crimean Tatar elite who were registered as members of the nobility of Tavrida Province and whose noble status was recognized by the imperial government in St. Petersburg.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Official recognition of noble status came via approval of the Heraldry Office and subsequent inscription in the noble register (rodoslovnaia kniga / родословная книга) of any given province of the empire. The&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href="http://dighist.fas.harvard.edu/projects/crimeaproject/items/show/312" target="_blank"&gt;Tavrida noble register&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;was compiled on an annual basis starting in 1804 by the provincial noble assembly. Between 1804 and 1853 there were 660 entries, only 39 of which described Crimean Tatars. The 39 entries, all of which are presented here, dealt with a total of 51 Crimean Tatar nobles (brothers and cousins often petitioned together for inclusion in the noble register), along with their families. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Though they do little more than scratch the surface of Crimean Tatar (elite) life under Russian rule, they provide&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;compelling evidence of the ways in which kinship and service could be converted into enhanced social status&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A few notes before you dig in:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;All names are transliterated from Russian, which was the language of the noble registers. This accounts for the odd spellings of Tatar and Turkic names.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;Each entry is a highly structured text, its format standardized across all the provinces of the Russian Empire.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;That structure is reflected in the way the information within each entry is presented here. As you move through this collection, pay attention to clan names, variations in title (murza, bey, aga), family structure (particularly the importance of lateral kinship), and the dramatic variation in service records and landownership.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;In order to get a full sense of the connections among individuals, 1) use the "Item Relations" (at the end of each entry), which mark kinship relations and connections to key archival sources that might remain opaque when going the material Item-by-Item; and 2), surf the tags!&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>Murat Mirza (37) was married and had 4 sons (Sefer Gazy 16, Megmet 12, Kardesha 9, Isliam 1). His father was Court Councillor Megmetsha Murza Argin.</text>
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              <text>Murat became a cornet in the Life-Guard Crimean Tatar Squadron in 1827, rising through the ranks to shtab-rotmistr in November 1830. This despite the fact that he never found himself on the field of battle.</text>
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                <text>Murat Mirza Argin</text>
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                <text>Tavrida noble register entry</text>
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